Ukusebenza kahle kwe-antennaichaza ukuthi amandla e-RF amukelwa kahle aguqulwa kanjani abe amandla akhishwa imisebe. Kuyipharamitha ebalulekile ye-antenna ngoba ukulahlekelwa ngumqhubi, ukulahlekelwa yi-dielectric kanye nokungafani kwe-impedance kunganciphisa imisebe engasetshenziswa ngisho nalapho i-antenna inephethini efanelekile.
Ifomula eyisisekelo yokusebenza kahle kwemisebe yile:
Ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe, ei-rad= Pi-rad/ Pkwamukelwe
Ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kuhlanganisa nokungalingani kokufakwa kwe-antenna:
Ukusebenza kahle okuphelele, e0= (1 - |Γ|2) ei-rad
lapho u-Pi-radamandla akhishwa imisebe, Pkwamukelweamandla ayamukelwa futhi i-Γ iyi-coefficient yokubonisa okufakwayo. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza amafomula okusebenza kahle kwe-antenna, izindlela zokulahlekelwa, inzuzo, isiqondiso, inzuzo eqashelwayo kanye nezindlela zokulinganisa ezivamile.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwe-Antenna: Izincazelo Namafomula
Umfanekiso 1
Umqondo wokusebenza kahle kwe-antenna ungachazwa kusetshenziswa uMfanekiso 1.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-antenna okuphelele u-e0 kusetshenziselwa ukubala ukulahlekelwa kwe-antenna kokufakwayo nangaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-antenna. Uma sibheka uMfanekiso 1(b), lokhu kulahlekelwa kungabangelwa:
1. Ukubonakaliswa okubangelwa ukungalingani phakathi komugqa wokudlulisela kanye ne-antenna;
2. Ukulahlekelwa yi-conductor kanye ne-dielectric.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-antenna okuphelele kungatholakala kule fomula elandelayo:
Okusho ukuthi, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele = umkhiqizo wokusebenza kahle okungafani, ukusebenza kahle komqhubi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-dielectric.
Ngokuvamile kunzima kakhulu ukubala ukusebenza kahle komqhubi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-dielectric, kodwa kunganqunywa ngokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa akukwazi ukuhlukanisa ukulahlekelwa okubili, ngakho-ke ifomula engenhla ingabhalwa kabusha ngokuthi:
i-ecd iwukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ye-antenna kanti i-Γ iwukubala okubonakalayo.
Inzuzo, Ukuqondisa kanye Nenzuzo Ebonakalayo
Ukuqondisaichaza ukuthi iphethini yemisebe igxile kangakanani ohlangothini oluthile.Inzuzoihlanganisa ukuqondisa nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe:
G = ei-radD
lapho u-G ewukuzuza, u-D ewukuqondisa kanye no-ei-radukusebenza kahle kwemisebe. Ngakho-ke i-Gain ibangela ukulahleka komqhubi kanye ne-dielectric kodwa ngokuvamile ayifaki ukulahleka kwe-impedance-mismatch.
Ngokuvamile, kubhekisela ekuzuzeni okuhlobene, okuchazwa ngokuthi "isilinganiso sokuzuza kwamandla ohlangothini oluthile namandla e-antenna yokubhekisela ohlangothini lokubhekisela". Amandla okufaka kule-antenna kumele alingane. I-antenna yokubhekisela ingaba yi-vibrator, i-horn noma enye i-antenna. Ezimweni eziningi, umthombo wephuzu ongaqondisi usetshenziswa njenge-antenna yokubhekisela. Ngakho-ke:
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla aphelele akhishwa imisebe kanye namandla okufaka aphelele bungokulandelayo:
Inzuzo eqashelwayokufaka phakathi umphumela wokungafani kokufakwayo futhi kuhlobene nokuzuza nge:
Gkuqashelwe= (1 - |Γ|2)G
Uma i-antenna ihambisana kahle, inzuzo eqashelwayo isondela ekuzuzeni. Uma ukungalingani kukhulu, inzuzo eqashelwayo iphansi ngisho noma iphethini yemisebe kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe kungashintshi.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwenzuzo kanye nesiqondiso yilokhu:
Uma i-antenna ifaniswe kahle nomugqa wokudlulisa, i-|Γ| = 0 kanye ne-realized gain ilingana ne-gain. Ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo, ukulahlekelwa yikhebula kanye nendiza yokubhekisela ekulinganisweni kumele kucatshangelwe lapho kuqhathaniswa amanani alinganisiwe nalingisiwe.
Izici Eziyinhloko Ezinciphisa Ukusebenza Kahle Kwe-Antenna
- Ukuqhuba komqhubi okulinganiselwe kanye nobulukhuni bomphezulu
- Ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kuma-substrates, ama-radome kanye nezinto zokusekela
- Ukungafani kwe-Impedance kokuphakelayo
- Amanethiwekhi afanayo alahlekile, izixhumi kanye nezakhiwo zokuphakelayo
- Ukufakwa eduze kwensimbi, izinto ezimuncayo noma umzimba womuntu
- Ukubekezelelana kokukhiqiza kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamanje okuncike emvamisa
Indlela Ukusebenza Kahle Kwe-Antenna Okulinganiswa Ngayo
Indlela yokulinganisa incike ohlotsheni lwe-antenna, ububanzi bemvamisa kanye nezindawo zokuhlola ezitholakalayo. Izindlela ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuqhathanisa i-gain-directivity, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-radiation-pattern, ukulinganiswa kwe-reverberation-chamber kanye nendlela ye-Wheeler-cap yama-antenna amancane kagesi afanele. Ukulinganiswa okunembile, ukulungiswa kokulahlekelwa yikhebula, ukulungiswa kwe-polarization kanye ne-reference plane echazwe ngokucacile kubalulekile emiphumeleni enenjongo.
Ukusebenzisa Ukusebenza Kahle Nokuzuza Ekukhethweni Kwe-Antenna
Ukusebenza kahle, inzuzo, inzuzo eqashelwayo, i-bandwidth, i-polarization, i-beamwidth kanye ne-VSWR kufanele kuhlolwe ndawonye. I-antenna enesiqondiso esiphezulu isengaletha inzuzo eqashelwayo embi uma ukulahlekelwa noma ukungalingani kukhulu kakhulu. Onjiniyela kufanele baqhathanise amanani kulo lonke ibhendi yokusebenza kanye nangaphansi kwezimo zokufaka ezimele.
Hlola i-RF MISOizixazululo ze-antennanoma ubuyekezeamakhono okuhlola i-antenna. Ukuze ukhethe uhlelo lokusebenza oluthile, yabelana ngebhendi yokusebenza, inzuzo edingekayo, ukuhlukaniswa, imikhawulo yokufaka kanye nendawo yokuhlola nethimba le-RF MISO.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-antenna, sicela uvakashele:
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-14-2024
