Esahlukweni esidlule, sixoxe ngamaphethini emisebe. Ukuze sihlaziye kangcono imisebe ye-antenna, kudingeka iphuzu lokubhekisela. Imisebe ye-antenna ye-isotropic ifeza le ndima.
Incazelo
Imisebe ye-Isotropic ibhekisela emisebeni evela emthonjeni wephuzu osakazeka ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ngamandla afanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiqondiso singakanani. Ukuthuthukiswa kwephethini yemisebe ye-antenna kuhlala kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa imisebe ye-isotropic njengereferensi. Uma imisebe ilingana kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, ibizwa ngokuthi imisebe ye-isotropic.
•Umthombo wephuzu uyisibonelo se-radiator ye-isotropic. Kodwa-ke, imisebe enjalo ye-isotropic cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyifinyelela, ngoba noma iyiphi i-antenna ikhipha amandla ayo ngesiqondiso esithile.
•Imisebe ye-Isotropic ifana kakhulu nemisebe ye-omnidirectional.
•Uma ibukwa ku-3D, inephethini efana nedonathi; uma ibukwa ku-2D, inephethini engu-figure-eight.
Isithombe esingenhla sibonisa iphethini yemisebe yerediyetha ye-isotropic (noma ye-omnidirectional). Isithombe 1 sibonisa iphethini efana nedonathi ku-3D, kuyilapho Isithombe 2 sibonisa iphethini yesibalo-eight ku-2D.
Inzuzo
I-radiator ye-isotropic inamandla okuzuza ubumbano, okusho ukuthi amandla okuzuza angu-1 kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Uma kuvezwa ngama-decibel (dB), lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-0 dB gain (zero loss).
Amandla Alinganayo Emisebe E-Isotropically (EIRP)
Ngokusho kwencazelo ejwayelekile, inani lamandla akhishwa yi-antenna ye-isotropic ukuze kukhiqizwe ubuningi bamandla obuphezulu obubonwa ohlangothini lokwanda kwe-antenna okukhulu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power.
Uma amandla akhishwa yi-antenna egxile ohlangothini olulodwa noma ohlangothini oluthile, futhi imisebe kulolo hlangothi ilingana namandla akhishwa yi-isotropic e-antenna, le misebe ibizwa ngokuthi i-EIRP.
Inzuzo
Nakuba imisebe ye-isotropic iwukucabanga okuhle kuphela, imelela imisebe engcono kakhulu i-antenna engayifinyelela. I-antenna enjalo inokwanda okungu-3 dBi, lapho u-3 dB ehambisana nesici esingu-2, kanti u-“i” ubonisa ukuphindaphinda okuhlobene nesimo se-isotropic.
Uma imisebe igxile ngaphakathi kwe-engeli ethile, i-EIRP iyanda ngokukhula kwe-antenna. Inzuzo ye-antenna itholakala kangcono ngokugxila imisebe yayo ohlangothini olulodwa.
Amandla Asebenza Ngemisebe (i-ERP)
Uma amandla akhishwa imisebe ebalwa ngokubhekisela ku-antenna ye-dipole ye-half-wave esikhundleni se-antenna ye-isotropic, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Effective Radiated Power (ERP).
I-ERP(dBW)=EIRP(dBW)−2.15 dBi
Uma i-EIRP yaziwa, i-ERP ingabalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula enikezwe ngenhla.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-antenna, sicela uvakashele:
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-17-2026
