Umlando we-antenna yophondo olugobile olujikelezayo
I-antenna yempondo egobile ejikelezayo iwuhlobo olubalulekile lwe-antenna olunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuxhumana, i-radar, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kanye nokulinganisa umsakazo. Okulandelayo yisingeniso somlando kuma-antenna empondo egobile ejikelezayo:
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 kuya ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, umqondo kanye nomklamo wama-antenna empondo ajikelezileyo ahlukaniswe ngezigaba kwaqala ukuvela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, onjiniyela be-antenna baqala ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-antenna endabuko ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ayenemikhawulo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, baqala ukucwaninga nokuhlola umqondo wama-antenna ajikelezileyo ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ukuze bafinyelele ukusebenza okungcono kokudlulisa isignali kanye nokwamukela.
Ngo-1958, uPaul G. Montgomery, unjiniyela eRadar Systems Corporation e-United States, waklama i-antenna ye-horn enezici ze-polarization eziyindilinga, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Montgomery Antenna. Lokhu kwaba ukuqaliswa kokuqala okuphumelelayo kwe-antenna ye-horn e-polarized eyindilinga futhi kwaheha ukunakwa okubanzi nocwaningo.
Emashumini eminyaka alandela, ama-antenna empondo ajikelezayo ahlukaniswe nge-polarized aye acwaningwa futhi athuthukiswa kabanzi. Onjiniyela benze ucwaningo olunzulu kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemfundiso ekuklameni nasekuthuthukiseni isakhiwo kanye nokusebenza kwama-antenna empondo ajikelezayo ahlukaniswe nge-polarized.
Ngawo-1960, ama-antenna e-horn ane-polarized circularly asetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokuxhumana. Inzuzo ye-antenna ye-horn ene-polarized circularly ukuthi ingafinyelela ukumbozwa okungcono kwesignali kanye namakhono okulwa nokuphazamiseka, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni zokusabalala kwezindlela eziningi ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezingenantambo.
Ngawo-1980 kanye nawo-1990, ngentuthuko eyengeziwe yokuxhumana ngesathelayithi kanye nobuchwepheshe be-radar, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwama-antenna e-horn ane-polarized circularly bandiswa kakhulu. Ama-antenna e-horn ane-polarized circularly asetshenziswa kabanzi eziteshini zokuxhumana ngesathelayithi, ezinhlelweni ze-radar, kanye nasemasimini ezempi nawezindiza.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, inqubo yokuklama nokukhiqiza ama-antenna e-horn ane-polarized circularly polarized nayo ithuthukisiwe. Ama-antenna e-horn ane-polarized circularly anamuhla asebenzisa izinto ezithuthukisiwe kanye namasu okukhiqiza ukuze anikeze amazinga aphezulu okusebenza, ukusebenza okungcono kanye nosayizi abancane.
Isebenza kanjani i-antenna yophondo oluyindilinga olune-polarized
Ama-antenna empondo ajikelezayo afinyelela izici zomsebe ojikelezayo ojikelezayo ikakhulukazi nge-geometry yawo ekhethekile kanye nomklamo. Isimiso sokusebenza sale antenna sisekelwe kulezi zici ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:
Ukuma kophondo: Ama-antenna empondo ajikelezayo avame ukuba nesakhiwo se-radiator esimise okwempondo. Ukwakheka kwe-antenna yempondo kubangela ukuthi isignali isabalale njalo ngaphakathi kophondo, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe isici esithile sokukhanya esingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-polarization eyindilinga.
Isixhumi esiphambeneyo: Isixhumi esikhethekile esiphambeneyo sivame ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-antenna yophondo ukuze sihlanganise izingxenye zensimu kagesi ezivundlile neziqondile ngomehluko wesigaba wama-degree angu-90. Lo mklamo uvumela i-antenna ukuthi ikhiqize iphethini yemisebe ejikelezayo ehlukaniswe ngezigaba.
Imisebe yemodi eminingi: Umklamo we-antenna yempondo ejikelezayo evundlile uyivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukukhipha izindlela eziningi zamasimu kagesi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kufaka phakathi izimpawu ezijikelezayo ezijikelezayo ngezindlela ezahlukene ze-polarisation.
Njengamanje, ama-antenna empondo ajikelezayo asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi, ukuxhumana ngeselula, ukulinganisa umsakazo, izindiza, i-radar, kanye nama-drones.
Imikhiqizo Ehlobene
RM-I-CPHA95105-16，9.5-10.5GHz
RM-DCPHA105145-20,10.5-14.5GHz
I-RM-I-DCPHA48-12,4-8GHz
