Ungathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi bothi

1. Lungiselela idizayini ye-antenna
I-Antennaukuklama kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi. Nazi izindlela ezimbalwa zokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-antenna:
1.1 Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-antenna enezikhala eziningi
Ubuchwepheshe be-antenna ye-Multi-aperture bungakhuphula ukuqondisa kanye nenzuzo ye-antenna, futhi buthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi besiginali. Ngokuklama ngokunengqondo indawo yokuvula, ukugoba kanye nenkomba ye-refractive ye-antenna, umphumela ongcono wokugxilisa isignali ungafinyelelwa.
1.2 Sebenzisa uthi olunezinto eziningi
I-antenna ye-Multi-element ingafinyelela ukwamukela nokudluliswa kwezimpawu zamafrikhwensi ahlukene ngokulungisa isimo sokusebenza sama-oscillator ahlukene. Le antenna ingasekela ukudluliswa kwesignali yamafrikhwensi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi.
1.3 Thuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokwenza i-antenna beamforming
Ubuchwepheshe be-Beamforming bungafinyelela ukudluliswa okuqondile kwamasiginali ngokulungisa isigaba kanye ne-amplitude ye-oscillator ye-antenna. Ngokulungiselela ukuma nokuqondisa kwe-beam, amandla esignali angagxiliswa endaweni eqondiwe, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi.

2. Thuthukisa ukudluliswa kwesignali
Ngaphezu kokwenza kahle idizayini ye-antenna, amandla okudlulisela esiginali nawo angathuthukiswa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
2.1 Sebenzisa isikhulisi samandla
I-amplifier yamandla ingathuthukisa amandla esiginali, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise uhla lokudlulisela lwesiginali. Ngokukhetha i-amplifier yamandla efanelekile futhi ulungise ngokunengqondo isimo sokusebenza se-amplifier, isignali ingakhuliswa ngempumelelo futhi umphumela wokudlulisela ungathuthukiswa.
2.2 Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa isignali
Ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa isignali bungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi besiginali ngokwandisa umkhawulokudonsa wesiginali, ukulungisa ukuvama kwesiginali, nokuthuthukisa indlela yokushintshashintsha kwesiginali. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-frequency hopping kungagwema ukuphazamiseka kwesignali futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokudlulisela yesiginali.
2.3 Lungiselela i-algorithm yokucubungula isignali
Ukuthuthukisa i-algorithm yokucubungula isignali kungathuthukisa ikhono lokunqanda ukuphazamiseka nokusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kwesignali. Ngokwamukela izindlela ezifana ne-adaptive adjustment algorithms kanye ne-equalization algorithms, ukwenza kahle okuzenzakalelayo kwamasignali kanye nokucindezelwa okuzenzakalelayo kokuphazanyiswa kungafinyelelwa, futhi ukuzinza nokuthembeka kokudluliswa kungathuthukiswa.
3. Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-antenna nendawo ezungezile
Ngaphezu kokwenza kahle ukwakheka kwe-antenna ngokwayo kanye nekhono lokudlulisa isignali, ukwakheka okunengqondo nendawo ezungezile nakho kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela kanye nobubanzi.
3.1 Khetha indawo efanele yothi
Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwendawo ye-antenna kunganciphisa ukulahleka kokudluliselwa kwesignali futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela. Indawo efanele ye-antenna ingakhethwa ngokuhlolwa kwamandla esignali kanye nemephu ehlanganisa isignali ukuze kugwenywe ukuvinjwa kwesignali nokuphazamiseka.
3.2 Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-antenna
Ekuhlelweni kwe-antenna, izimpondo eziningi zingaxhunywa ngokuhambisana noma ngochungechunge ukuze kuthuthukiswe ibanga lokudlulisela kanye nekhwalithi yesiginali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-engeli yokuqondisa ye-antenna kanye nebanga phakathi kwezinti kungalawulwa ngokunengqondo ukuze kukhuliswe umthamo wokudlulisela wesiginali.
3.3 Nciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokuvinjwa
Endaweni ezungezile ye-antenna, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kanye nezici zokuvimbela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuncishiswa nokuphazamiseka kokudluliswa kwesignali kungancishiswa ngokuhlukanisa umthombo wokuphazamiseka, ukukhulisa indlela yokusakaza yesignali, nokugwema ukuvinjelwa kwezinto zensimbi zendawo enkulu.
Ngokuthuthukisa idizayini ye-antenna, ukuthuthukisa amandla okudlulisa isignali, nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-antenna nendawo ezungezile, singakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukuthunyelwa kwe-antenna kanye nohlu lwe-antenna. Lezi zindlela azisebenzi nje kuphela emkhakheni wezokuxhumana ngomsakazo, kodwa nasezisakazweni zomsakazo, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kanye neminye imikhakha, ezihlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bethu bezokuxhumana.