Izindlela ezine eziyisisekelo zokudla ama-antenna e-microstrip

Izindlela ezine eziyisisekelo zokudla ama-antenna e-microstrip yilezi ezilandelayo:

 

1. (I-Microstrip Feed): Lena enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokudla ama-antenna e-microstrip. Isignali ye-RF idluliselwa engxenyeni ekhipha imisebe ye-antenna ngomugqa we-microstrip, ngokuvamile ngokuxhumanisa phakathi komugqa we-microstrip kanye ne-patch ekhipha imisebe. Le ndlela ilula futhi iyaguquguquka futhi ifanele ukwakhiwa kwama-antenna amaningi e-microstrip.

2. (I-Aperture-coupled Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa izikhala noma izimbobo epuletini lesisekelo se-antenna ye-microstrip ukuze yondle umugqa we-microstrip entweni ekhipha imisebe ye-antenna. Le ndlela ingahlinzeka ngokuhambisana okungcono kwe-impedance kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe, futhi inganciphisa ububanzi bomsebe obuvundlile noboqondile be-side lobes.

3. (I-Proximity Coupled Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa i-oscillator noma i-inductive element eduze komugqa we-microstrip ukuze ifake isignali ku-antenna. Inganikeza ukufanisa okuphezulu kwe-impedance kanye ne-frequency band ebanzi, futhi ifanele ukwakhiwa kwama-antenna e-wide-band.

4. (I-Coaxial Feed): Le ndlela isebenzisa izintambo ze-coplanar noma izintambo ze-coaxial ukuze zifake amasignali e-RF engxenyeni ekhipha imisebe ye-antenna. Le ndlela ivame ukunikeza ukufanisa okuhle kwe-impedance kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ezimweni lapho kudingeka khona isikhombimsebenzisi esisodwa se-antenna.

Izindlela ezahlukene zokudla zizothinta ukufanisa i-impedance, izici zemvamisa, ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe kanye nokwakheka ngokomzimba kwe-antenna.

Indlela yokukhetha indawo yokuphakelayo ye-coaxial ye-antenna ye-microstrip

Uma uklama i-antenna ye-microstrip, ukukhetha indawo yephuzu lokuphakelayo le-coaxial kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-antenna. Nazi ezinye izindlela eziphakanyisiwe zokukhetha amaphuzu okuphakelayo e-coaxial kuma-antenna e-microstrip:

1. Ukuma kokulinganisa: Zama ukukhetha indawo yokuphakela ye-coaxial enkabeni ye-antenna ye-microstrip ukuze ugcine ukuma kokulinganisa kwe-antenna. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ye-antenna kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwe-impedance.

2. Lapho insimu kagesi inkulu kunawo wonke: Indawo yokuphakela ye-coaxial ikhethwa kangcono endaweni lapho insimu kagesi ye-antenna ye-microstrip inkulu kunawo wonke, okungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelayo futhi kunciphise ukulahleka.

3. Lapho ugesi uphezulu khona: Indawo yokuphakela ye-coaxial ingakhethwa eduze kwendawo lapho ugesi we-antenna ye-microstrip uphezulu khona ukuze kutholakale amandla aphezulu okukhanya kanye nokusebenza kahle.

4. Iphuzu lensimu kagesi eliyi-zero kwimodi eyodwa: Ekwakhiweni kwe-antenna ye-microstrip, uma ufuna ukufeza imisebe yemodi eyodwa, iphuzu lokuphakelayo le-coaxial livame ukukhethwa endaweni yensimu kagesi eliyi-zero kwimodi eyodwa ukuze kufezwe ukufanisa okungcono kwe-impedance kanye nesici sokukhanya.

5. Ukuhlaziywa kwemvamisa kanye ne-waveform: Sebenzisa amathuluzi okulingisa ukwenza ukushanela kwemvamisa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwensimu kagesi/ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje ukuze kunqunywe indawo efanele ye-coaxial feed point.

6. Cabanga ngesiqondiso somsebe: Uma kudingeka izici zomsebe ezinesiqondiso esithile, indawo yephuzu lokuphakelayo le-coaxial ingakhethwa ngokuya ngesiqondiso somsebe ukuze kutholakale ukusebenza komsebe we-antenna okufiswayo.

Enkambisweni yokuklama yangempela, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa izindlela ezingenhla bese kunqunywa indawo efanele yokuphakelwa kwe-coaxial ngokuhlaziywa kokulingisa kanye nemiphumela yokulinganisa yangempela ukuze kufezwe izidingo zomklamo kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza kwe-antenna ye-microstrip. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-antenna ye-microstrip (njenge-patch antenna, i-antenna ye-helical, njll.) zingase zibe nokucatshangelwa okuthile lapho kukhethwa indawo yokuphakelwa kwe-coaxial, okudinga ukuhlaziywa okukhethekile kanye nokwenza ngcono ngokusekelwe kuhlobo oluthile lwe-antenna kanye nesimo sohlelo lokusebenza.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-antenna ye-microstrip kanye ne-antenna ye-patch

I-antenna ye-Microstrip kanye ne-antenna ye-patch yizi-antenna ezimbili ezincane ezivamile. Zinomehluko kanye nezici ezithile:

1. Isakhiwo kanye nokuhlelwa:

- I-antenna ye-microstrip ivame ukuba ne-patch ye-microstrip kanye ne-ground plate. I-patch ye-microstrip isebenza njengento ekhipha imisebe futhi ixhunywe kwi-ground plate ngomugqa we-microstrip.

- Ama-antenna e-patch ngokuvamile ama-conductor patches aqoshwe ngqo ku-dielectric substrate futhi awadingi imigqa ye-microstrip njenge-microstrip antenna.

2. Usayizi nesimo:

- Ama-antenna e-Microstrip mancane ngosayizi, avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-frequency band e-microwave, futhi anomklamo oguquguqukayo kakhudlwana.

- Ama-antenna e-patch angaklanywa futhi ukuze ancishiswe, futhi kwezinye izimo ezithile, ubukhulu bawo bungaba buncane.

3. Ububanzi bemvamisa:

- Ububanzi bemvamisa yama-antenna e-microstrip bungasukela kumakhulu ama-megahertz kuya kuma-gigahertz amaningana, ngezici ezithile ze-broadband.

- Ama-antenna e-patch avame ukusebenza kangcono kuma-frequency band athile futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezithile ze-frequency.

4. Inqubo yokukhiqiza:

- Ama-antenna e-Microstrip avame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, elingakhiqizwa ngobuningi futhi libe nezindleko eziphansi.

- Ama-antenna e-patch avame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezisekelwe ku-silicon noma ezinye izinto ezikhethekile, anezidingo ezithile zokucubungula, futhi afanele ukukhiqizwa kweqembu elincane.

5. Izici zokwehlukana:

- Ama-antenna e-Microstrip angaklanywa ukuze kube nokuhlukaniswa okuqondile noma ukuhlukaniswa okujikelezayo, okuwanikeza izinga elithile lokuguquguquka.

- Izici ze-polarisation zama-antenna e-patch ngokuvamile zincike esakhiweni kanye nokwakheka kwe-antenna futhi aziguquguquki njenge-antenna ye-microstrip.

Ngokuvamile, ama-antenna e-microstrip nama-antenna e-patch ahlukile ngesakhiwo, ububanzi bemvamisa, kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-antenna olufanele kudinga ukususelwa ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nokucatshangelwa komklamo.

Izincomo zomkhiqizo we-antenna ye-Microstrip: