Izindaba - Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kuma-antenna e-radar

Kumasekethe noma izinhlelo ze-microwave, lonke isekethe noma uhlelo luvame ukwakhiwa ngamadivayisi amaningi ayisisekelo e-microwave njengezihlungi, ama-couplers, ama-power dividers, njll. Kuthenjwa ukuthi ngala madivayisi, kungenzeka ukudlulisa amandla esignali ngempumelelo kusuka kwelinye iphuzu kuya kwelinye ngokulahlekelwa okuncane;

Kuwo wonke uhlelo lwe-radar yemoto, ukuguqulwa kwamandla kuhilela kakhulu ukudluliselwa kwamandla kusuka ku-chip kuya ku-feeder ebhodini le-PCB, ukudluliselwa kwe-feeder emzimbeni we-antenna, kanye nemisebe yamandla esebenza kahle yi-antenna. Kuyo yonke inqubo yokudluliselwa kwamandla, ingxenye ebalulekile ukwakheka kwe-converter. Ama-converter ezinhlelweni zamagagasi e-millimeter afaka kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwe-microstrip kuya ku-substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), ukuguqulwa kwe-microstrip kuya ku-waveguide, ukuguqulwa kwe-SIW kuya ku-waveguide, ukuguqulwa kwe-coaxial kuya ku-waveguide, ukuguqulwa kwe-waveguide kuya ku-waveguide kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuguqulwa kwe-waveguide. Le nkinga izogxila ekwakhiweni kokuguqulwa kwe-microband SIW.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo zokuhamba

I-Microstripingenye yezakhiwo zomhlahlandlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-frequency aphansi kakhulu e-microwave. Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko isakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuphezulu nezingxenye zokufaka phezulu. Umugqa we-microstrip ojwayelekile wakhiwa kusetshenziswa abaqhubi ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-substrate yesendlalelo se-dielectric, kwakha indiza eyodwa yomhlaba ngakolunye uhlangothi, enomoya ngaphezu kwayo. Umqhubi ophezulu ngokuyisisekelo uyinto eqhubayo (ngokuvamile ithusi) ebunjwe ibe ucingo oluncane. Ububanzi bomugqa, ukujiya, ukuvumelana okuhlobene, kanye ne-dielectric loss tangent ye-substrate kuyimingcele ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujiya komqhubi (okungukuthi, ukujiya kwe-metallization) kanye nokuqhuba komqhubi nakho kubalulekile kuma-frequency aphezulu. Ngokucabanga ngokucophelela ngalezi zinhlaka nokusebenzisa imigqa ye-microstrip njengeyunithi eyisisekelo yamanye amadivayisi, amadivayisi amaningi e-microwave aphrintiwe kanye nezingxenye zingaklanywa, njengezihlungi, ama-couplers, abahlukanisi bamandla/abahlanganisi, abaxubi, njll. Kodwa-ke njengoba imvamisa ikhuphuka (lapho kudlulela kuma-frequency aphezulu kakhulu e-microwave) ukulahleka kokudlulisela kuyanda futhi kwenzeka imisebe. Ngakho-ke, ama-waveguide e-hollow tube afana nama-waveguide angunxande ayathandwa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okuncane kuma-frequency aphezulu (akukho misebe). Ingaphakathi le-waveguide ngokuvamile liwumoya. Kodwa uma uthanda, ingagcwaliswa ngezinto ezisebenzisa ugesi, okwenza ibe ncane kune-waveguide egcwele igesi. Kodwa-ke, ama-waveguide e-hollow tube avame ukuba makhulu, angaba nzima ikakhulukazi kuma-frequency aphansi, adinga izidingo zokukhiqiza eziphakeme futhi ayabiza, futhi awakwazi ukuhlanganiswa nezakhiwo eziphrintiwe nge-planar.

IMIKHIQIZO YE-ANTENNA YE-RFMISO MICROSTRIP:

I-RM-MA25527-22,25.5-27GHz

I-RM-MA425435-22,4.25-4.35GHz

Esinye isakhiwo sokuqondisa esihlanganisiwe phakathi kwesakhiwo se-microstrip kanye ne-waveguide, esibizwa ngokuthi i-substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). I-SIW isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esifana ne-waveguide esenziwe ngezinto ze-dielectric, esinama-conductors phezulu nangaphansi kanye nohlu oluqondile lwama-vias amabili ensimbi akha izindonga eziseceleni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ze-microstrip kanye ne-waveguide, i-SIW ishibhile, inenqubo yokukhiqiza elula, futhi ingahlanganiswa namadivayisi ahleliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kuma-frequency aphezulu kungcono kunokwezakhiwo ze-microstrip futhi kunezakhiwo zokusabalala kwe-waveguide. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1;

Iziqondiso zokuklama ze-SIW

Ama-substrate integrated waveguides (ama-SIW) ayizakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe ezifana ne-waveguides ezenziwe ngokusebenzisa imigqa emibili yama-vias ensimbi afakwe ku-dielectric exhumanisa amapuleti amabili ensimbi ahambisanayo. Imigqa yensimbi edlula emigodini yakha izindonga eziseceleni. Lesi sakhiwo sinezici zemigqa ye-microstrip kanye nama-waveguides. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ifana nezinye izakhiwo ezisicaba eziphrintiwe. I-geometry ejwayelekile ye-SIW iboniswe ku-Figure 2.1, lapho ububanzi bayo (okungukuthi ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwama-vias ohlangothini oluseceleni (as)), ububanzi bama-vias (d) kanye nobude bephimbo (p) kusetshenziswa ukuklama isakhiwo se-SIW. Amapharamitha ejometri abaluleke kakhulu (aboniswe ku-Figure 2.1) azochazwa esigabeni esilandelayo. Qaphela ukuthi imodi evelele yi-TE10, njenge-waveguides engunxande. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-cutoff frequency fc yama-waveguides agcwele umoya (AFWG) kanye nama-waveguides agcwele umoya (DFWG) kanye nobukhulu u-a no-b yiphuzu lokuqala lomklamo we-SIW. Kuma-waveguides agcwele umoya, imvamisa ye-cutoff injengoba iboniswe kufomula engezansi.

Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-SIW kanye nefomula yokubala[1]

lapho u-c kuyijubane lokukhanya esikhaleni esikhululekile, u-m no-n kuyizindlela, u-a usayizi omude we-waveguide, kanti u-b usayizi omfushane we-waveguide. Uma i-waveguide isebenza kumodi ye-TE10, ingenziwa lula ibe yi-fc=c/2a; lapho i-waveguide igcwele i-dielectric, ubude be-bside a bubalwa yi-ad=a/Sqrt(εr), lapho u-εr eyisiqinisi se-dielectric se-medium; ukuze yenze i-SIW isebenze kumodi ye-TE10, isikhala sembobo edlulayo u-p, ububanzi u-d kanye nohlangothi olubanzi njengoba kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nefomula engenhla kwesokudla kwesithombe esingezansi, futhi kukhona namafomula e-empirical ka-d<λg no-p<2d [2];

lapho i-λg ingubude begagasi eliqondisiwe: Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukujiya kwe-substrate ngeke kuthinte ukwakheka kosayizi we-SIW, kodwa kuzothinta ukulahleka kwesakhiwo, ngakho-ke izinzuzo zokulahlekelwa okuncane kwe-substrate ezinobukhulu obukhulu kufanele zicatshangelwe.

Ukuguqulwa kwe-Microstrip kuya ku-SIW
Uma isakhiwo se-microstrip sidinga ukuxhunywa ku-SIW, ukuguquka kwe-microstrip encishisiwe kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokushintsha ezikhethwayo, futhi ukuguquka okuncishisiwe kuvame ukunikeza ukuhambisana kwe-broadband uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinguquko eziphrintiwe. Isakhiwo sokuguquka esiklanywe kahle sinokukhanya okuphansi kakhulu, futhi ukulahleka kokufakwa kubangelwa kakhulu ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kanye ne-conductor. Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-substrate kanye ne-conductor ikakhulukazi kunquma ukulahleka kokuguquka. Njengoba ubukhulu be-substrate buvimbela ububanzi bomugqa we-microstrip, amapharamitha okuguquka okuncishisiwe kufanele alungiswe lapho ukuqina kwe-substrate kushintsha. Olunye uhlobo lwe-grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) luyisakhiwo somugqa wokudlulisela esisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ze-high-frequency. Ama-side conductor aseduze nomugqa wokudlulisela ophakathi nawo asebenza njengomhlaba. Ngokulungisa ububanzi be-feeder eyinhloko kanye negebe emhlabathini oseceleni, i-impedance edingekayo ingatholakala.

I-Microstrip kuya ku-SIW kanye ne-GCPW kuya ku-SIW

Isithombe esingezansi siyisibonelo somklamo we-microstrip ku-SIW. I-medium esetshenzisiwe yi-Rogers3003, i-dielectric constant ingu-3.0, inani lokulahlekelwa kwangempela lingu-0.001, kanti ukujiya kungu-0.127mm. Ububanzi be-feeder kuzo zombili izinhlangothi bungu-0.28mm, obuhambisana nobubanzi be-antenna feeder. Ububanzi bembobo edlulayo bungu-d=0.4mm, kanye nesikhala esingu-p=0.6mm. Usayizi wokulingisa ungu-50mm*12mm*0.127mm. Ukulahleka okuphelele ku-passband cishe ku-1.5dB (okungancishiswa kakhulu ngokwenza ngcono isikhala esibanzi).