1. Ukwanda kwe-antenna
I-AntennaInzuzo ibhekisela esilinganisweni sobuningi bamandla emisebe ye-antenna ohlangothini oluthile olucacisiwe kubuningi bamandla emisebe ye-antenna yokubhekisela (ngokuvamile umthombo wephoyinti lemisebe ofanele) emandleni afanayo okufaka. Amapharamitha amelela inzuzo ye-antenna yi-dBd kanye ne-dBi.
Incazelo engokoqobo yenzuzo ingaqondwa kanje: ukukhiqiza isignali yobukhulu obuthile endaweni ethile ebangeni elithile, uma kusetshenziswa umthombo wephuzu ongaqondile ofanele njenge-antenna yokudlulisa, kudingeka amandla okufaka angu-100W, kuyilapho lapho i-antenna eqondile enenzuzo engu-G=13dB (izikhathi ezingu-20) isetshenziswa njenge-antenna yokudlulisa, amandla okufaka angu-100/20=5W kuphela. Ngamanye amazwi, inzuzo ye-antenna, maqondana nomphumela wayo wokukhanya esiqondisweni esiphezulu sokukhanya, iwukuphindaphinda kwamandla okufaka akhulisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nomthombo wephuzu ongaqondile ofanele.
Ukwanda kwe-antenna kusetshenziselwa ukukala ikhono le-antenna lokuthumela nokwamukela izimpawu ngendlela ethile futhi kungenye yemingcele ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhetha i-antenna. Ukwanda kuhlobene kakhulu nephethini ye-antenna. Uma i-lobe eyinhloko yephethini incane futhi i-lobe eseceleni incane, kulapho inzuzo iba phezulu khona. Ubudlelwano phakathi kobubanzi be-lobe eyinhloko kanye nokwanda kwe-antenna buboniswe kuMfanekiso 1-1.
Umfanekiso 1-1
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, lapho inzuzo iphakama, kulapho igagasi lomsakazo lisakazeka khona. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, inzuzo ye-antenna kufanele ikhethwe ngokufanele ngokusekelwe ekufanisweni kogongolo nendawo okuqondiswe kuyo. Isibonelo, lapho ibanga lokumboza liseduze, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokumbozwa kwendawo eseduze, i-antenna enenzuzo ephansi ene-lobe ebanzi eqondile kufanele ikhethwe.
2. Imiqondo ehlobene
·dBd: uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzuza kwe-antenna ye-symmetrical array,
·dBi: uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzuza kwe-antenna yomthombo wephuzu, imisebe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi iyafana. dBi=dBd+2.15
I-angle ye-Lobe: i-engeli eyakhiwe yi-3dB ngaphansi kwe-lobe peak eyinhloko kuphethini ye-antenna, sicela ubheke ububanzi be-lobe ukuthola imininingwane, umthombo we-radiation point ofanele: ibhekisela ku-antenna ye-isotropic efanelekile, okungukuthi, umthombo we-radiation point olula, onezici ezifanayo ze-radiation kuzo zonke izinkomba emkhathini.
3. Ifomula yokubala
Ukwanda kwe-antenna = 10lg (ubuningi bamandla emisebe ye-antenna/ubuningi bamandla emisebe ye-antenna yokubhekisela)
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-antenna, sicela uvakashele:
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-06-2024
