1. Ukuzuza kwe-antenna
I-Antennainzuzo ibhekisela esilinganisweni sokuminyana kwamandla emisebe ye-antenna endaweni ethile eshiwo ukuminyana kwamandla emisebe yereferensi yothi (ngokuvamile umthombo okahle wephoyinti lemisebe) kumandla okufaka afanayo. Amapharamitha amele inzuzo ye-antenna yi-dBd ne-dBi.
Incazelo engokomzimba yenzuzo ingaqondwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: ukukhiqiza isignali yosayizi othile endaweni ethile ebangeni elithile, uma umthombo wephoyinti ongaqondile usetshenziswa njengothi oludluliselayo, kudingeka amandla okufaka angu-100W, kuyilapho i-antenna eqondisayo enenzuzo ye-G = 13dB (izikhathi ezingama-20) isetshenziswa njenge-antenna yamandla okudlulisayo/50 = 50 kuphela, i-antenna engu-50 kuphela. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuzuza kwe-antenna, ngokomphumela wayo wemisebe esiqondisweni semisebe esiphezulu, ukuphindwaphindwa kwamandla okufaka akhulisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nomthombo wephoyinti ongaqondile.
Ukuzuza kwe-antenna kusetshenziselwa ukukala ikhono le-antenna ukuthumela nokwamukela amasignali endaweni ethile futhi kungenye yemingcele ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhetha uthi. Ukuzuza kuhlobene eduze nephethini ye-antenna. Ukuncipha kwe-lobe eyinhloko yephethini kanye ne-lobe eseceleni encane, inzuzo ephezulu. Ubudlelwano phakathi kobubanzi belobe eyinhloko kanye nenzuzo ye-antenna buboniswa kuMfanekiso 1-1.
Umfanekiso 1-1
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, lapho inzuzo iyanda, yilapho igagasi lomsakazo libhebhetheka kude. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, ukuzuza kwe-antenna kufanele kukhethwe ngokunengqondo ngokusekelwe ekufanisweni kwe-beam kanye nendawo eqondiwe. Isibonelo, uma ibanga lokumboza liseduze, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokumbozwa wephoyinti eliseduze, i-antenna enenzuzo ephansi ene-lobe eqondile ebanzi kufanele kukhethwe.
2. Imiqondo ehlobene
·dBd: ngokuhlobene nokuzuzwa kwe-antenna yohlelo olulinganayo,
·dBi: ngokuhlobene nokuzuzwa kwe-antenna yomthombo wephoyinti, imisebe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi iyafana. dBi=dBd+2.15
I-engeli ye-lobe: i-engeli eyakhiwe ngo-3dB ngaphansi kwesiqongo se-lobe eyinhloko kuphethini ye-antenna, sicela ubheke ububanzi be-lobe ukuze uthole imininingwane, umthombo wephoyinti lemisebe ofanele: ibhekisela ku-antenna ye-isotropic ekahle, okungukuthi, umthombo wemisebe wephoyinti olula, onezici zemisebe ezifanayo kuzo zonke izinkomba emkhathini.
3. Ifomula yokubala
Inzuzo ye-antenna =10lg(antenna radiation power density/reference reference antenna radiation power density)
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-antenna, sicela uvakashele:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2024
