1. Isingeniso sama-Antenna
I-antenna iyisakhiwo soguquko phakathi kwesikhala esikhululekile kanye nolayini wokudlulisela, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ulayini wokudlulisela ungaba ngesimo somugqa we-coaxial noma ishubhu elingenalutho (waveguide), elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla kazibuthe kagesi asuka emthonjeni. othini, noma othini uya kowamukelayo.Olokuqala luwuthi oludluliselayo, kanti olwakamuva luwukubalwauthi.
Umfanekiso 1 Indlela yokudlulisa amandla kagesi
Ukudluliswa kwesistimu ye-antenna kumodi yokudlulisela yoMfanekiso 1 imelelwa ukulingana kweThevenin njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, lapho umthombo umelelwe i-generator yesignali efanelekile, umugqa wokudlulisela umelelwa ulayini onesici se-impedance Zc, futhi uthi lumelwe ngumthwalo ZA [ZA = (RL + Rr) + jXA].I-RL yokumelana nomthwalo imele ukulahleka kwe-conduction kanye ne-dielectric okuhlobene nesakhiwo se-antenna, kuyilapho i-Rr imelela ukumelana nemisebe ye-antenna, futhi ukusabela kwe-XA kusetshenziselwa ukumela ingxenye ecatshangelwayo ye-impedance ehambisana nemisebe ye-antenna.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, wonke amandla akhiqizwa umthombo wesignali kufanele adluliselwe ku-Rr ukumelana nemisebe, esetshenziselwa ukumela amandla emisebe ye-antenna.Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kukhona ukulahlekelwa kwe-conductor-dielectric ngenxa yezimpawu zomugqa wokudlulisela kanye ne-antenna, kanye nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukucabangela (ukungafani) phakathi komugqa wokudlulisela kanye ne-antenna.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthikamezeka kwangaphakathi komthombo kanye nokuziba ulayini wokudlulisela kanye nokulahlekelwa kokubonisa (ukungafani), amandla amakhulu anikezwa i-antenna ngaphansi kokufanisa i-conjugate.
Umfanekiso 2
Ngenxa yokungafani phakathi kolayini wokudlulisela kanye nothi, igagasi elibonisiwe elisuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo libekwe phezulu ngegagasi lesigameko elisuka emthonjeni liya othini ukuze lakhe igagasi elimile, elimele ukugxiliswa kwamandla nokugcinwa futhi kuyithuluzi elivamile elinomsindo.Iphethini yegagasi elivamile elimile liboniswa ulayini onamachashazi kuMfanekiso 2. Uma isistimu ye-antenna ingakhiwanga kahle, ulayini wokudlulisela ngokuvamile ungasebenza njengengxenye yokugcina amandla esikhundleni se-waveguide kanye nedivayisi yokudlulisa amandla.
Ukulahlekelwa okudalwe ulayini wokudlulisela, i-antenna namagagasi amile akufuneki.Ukulahlekelwa kolayini kungancishiswa ngokukhetha izintambo zokudlulisela ezilahlekelwa kancane, kuyilapho ukulahlekelwa kwezinti kungancishiswa ngokunciphisa ukumelana nokulahlekelwa okumelelwe i-RL kuMfanekiso 2. Amagagasi amile angancishiswa futhi ukugcinwa kwamandla kulayini kungancishiswa ngokufanisa ukuvimbela i-antenna (umthwalo) enesici somugqa.
Kumasistimu angenawaya, ngaphezu kokwamukela noma ukudlulisa amandla, izimpondo ngokuvamile zidingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla aphumayo ezindaweni ezithile futhi kucindezelwe amandla akhishwayo kwezinye izindawo.Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwemishini yokuthola, izimpondo kufanele futhi zisetshenziswe njengamathuluzi okuqondisa.Ama-antenna angaba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile.Kungase kube intambo, indawo yokuvula, isichibi, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto (uhlu), isibonisi, ilensi, njll.
Ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo, izinti zingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu.Idizayini enhle ye-antenna inganciphisa izidingo zesistimu futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kohlelo lonke.Isibonelo sakudala ithelevishini, lapho ukwamukela ukusakazwa kungathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa izinti ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.Izinti ziyizinhlelo zokuxhumana lokho amehlo ayiko kubantu.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Antenna
I-antenna yophondo i-planar antenna, i-antenna ye-microwave enesiphambano esiyindilinga noma esingunxande esivuleka kancane kancane ekugcineni kwe-waveguide.Iwuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-antenna ye-microwave.Inkundla yalo yemisebe inqunywa ubukhulu bembobo yophondo kanye nohlobo lokusakazeka.Phakathi kwabo, ithonya lodonga lophondo emisebeni lingabalwa kusetshenziswa isimiso se-geometric diffraction.Uma ubude bophondo buhlala bungashintshiwe, ubukhulu bokuvula kanye nomehluko wesigaba se-quadratic kuzokhula ngokukhula kwe-engeli yokuvula uphondo, kodwa ukuzuza ngeke kushintshe ngosayizi wokuvula.Uma i-frequency band yophondo idinga ukunwetshwa, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukucabangela entanyeni kanye nokuvula uphondo;ukucabangela kuzokwehla njengoba usayizi wokuvula ukhula.Isakhiwo sophondo lwe-antenna silula, futhi iphethini yemisebe nayo ilula futhi kulula ukuyilawula.Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengothi oluphakathi nendawo oluqondisayo.I-Parabolic reflector horn antennas enomkhawulokudonsa obanzi, ama-lobe aseceleni aphansi nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu avame ukusetshenziswa ezokuxhumana nge-microwave.
RM-DCPHA105145-20(10.5-14.5GHz)
I-RM-BDHA1850-20(18-50GHz)
RM-SGHA430-10(1.70-2.60GHz)
2. I-Microstrip antenna
Isakhiwo se-antenna ye-microstrip ngokuvamile yakhiwa i-dielectric substrate, irediyetha kanye nendiza ephansi.Ubukhulu be-dielectric substrate buncane kakhulu kunobude be-wavelength.Ungqimba oluncane lwensimbi ngaphansi kwe-substrate luxhunywe endizeni yaphansi, futhi ungqimba oluncane lwensimbi olunomumo othize lwenziwa ngaphambili ngenqubo ye-photolithography njenge-radiator.Ukuma kwe-radiator kungashintshwa ngezindlela eziningi ngokuvumelana nezidingo.
Ukukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa kwe-microwave nezinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza kukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microstrip antenna.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpondo zendabuko, izimpondo ze-microstrip azigcini nje ngosayizi omncane, isisindo esincane, iphrofayili ephansi, kulula ukuhambisana, kodwa futhi kulula ukuhlanganisa, izindleko eziphansi, ezifanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, futhi zinezinzuzo zezakhiwo zikagesi ezihlukahlukene. .
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
RM-MA25527-22(25.5-27GHz)
I-waveguide slot antenna iyi-antenna esebenzisa izikhala esakhiweni se-waveguide ukuthola imisebe.Ngokuvamile iqukethe amapuleti ensimbi amabili ahambisanayo akha i-waveguide enegebe elincane phakathi kwamapuleti amabili.Lapho amaza kagesi kazibuthe edlula igebe le-waveguide, kuzokwenzeka into ezwakalayo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize inkambu kazibuthe eqinile eduze negebe ukuze kuzuzwe imisebe.Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, i-antenna ye-waveguide slot ingakwazi ukufeza i-broadband kanye nemisebe esebenza kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-radar, ezokuxhumana, ezinzwa ezingenantambo kanye nezinye izinkambu kumabhendi amagagasi e-microwave namamilimitha.Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ephezulu, izici ze-broadband kanye nekhono elihle lokulwa nokuphazamiseka, ngakho-ke ithandwa onjiniyela nabacwaningi.
RM-PA7087-43(71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32(10.75-14.5GHz)
I-RM-SWA910-22(9-10GHz)
I-Biconical Antenna iyi-antenna ye-broadband enesakhiwo se-biconical, ebonakala ngokuphendula kwefrikhwensi ebanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe ephezulu.Izingxenye ezimbili eziyisikhonkwane ze-biconical antenna ziyalingana.Ngalesi sakhiwo, imisebe esebenzayo ku-wide frequency band ingafinyelelwa.Ivamise ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nokuhlaziywa kwe-spectrum, ukukalwa kwemisebe kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-EMC (ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic).Inezici zokumadanisa okuhle kwe-impedance nezici zemisebe futhi ifanele izimo zohlelo ezidinga ukumboza amaza amaningi.
RM-BCA2428-4(24-28GHz)
I-RM-BCA218-4(2-18GHz)
I-Spiral antenna iyi-broadband antenna enesakhiwo esizungezayo, esibonakala ngokuphendula kwamafrikhwensi abanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebe ephezulu.I-Spiral antenna ifinyelela ukuhlukahluka kwe-polarization kanye nezici ze-wide-band radiation ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo samakhoyili asongekile, futhi ifanele i-radar, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo.
RM-I-PSA0756-3(0.75-6GHz)
RM-I-PSA218-2R(2-18GHz)
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-antenna, sicela uvakashele:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-14-2024
