Izindaba - Izisekelo ze-Antena: Amapharamitha e-Antena ayisisekelo

Izinto ezinamazinga okushisa angempela angaphezu kuka-zero aphelele zizokhipha amandla. Inani lamandla akhishwayo livame ukuvezwa ekushiseni okulinganayo kwe-TB, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lokukhanya, okuchazwa kanje:

I-TB izinga lokushisa lokukhanya (izinga lokushisa elilinganayo), i-ε iyi-emissivity, i-Tm iyizinga lokushisa langempela lama-molecule, kanti i-Γ iyi-surface emissivity coefficient ehlobene ne-polarization yamagagasi.

Njengoba ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi kusesikhawuni [0,1], inani eliphakeme kakhulu izinga lokushisa lokukhanya elingalifinyelela lilingana nezinga lokushisa lama-molecule. Ngokuvamile, ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi kuwumsebenzi wemvamisa yokusebenza, ukwahlukana kwamandla akhishwayo, kanye nesakhiwo sama-molecule ento. Kuma-frequency e-microwave, ama-emitters emvelo amandla amahle angaphansi komhlabathi onezinga lokushisa elilinganayo elingaba ngu-300K, noma isibhakabhaka esiqondisweni se-zenith esinezinga lokushisa elilinganayo elingaba ngu-5K, noma isibhakabhaka esiqondisweni esivundlile esingu-100~150K.

Izinga lokushisa lokukhanya elikhishwa imithombo yokukhanya ehlukene livinjwa yi-antenna bese livela ku-i-antennaukuphela ngesimo sokushisa kwe-antenna. Izinga lokushisa elivela ekugcineni kwe-antenna linikezwa ngokusekelwe kufomula engenhla ngemva kokulinganisa iphethini yokuzuza kwe-antenna. Lingachazwa kanje:

I-TA izinga lokushisa le-antenna. Uma kungekho ukulahleka okungafani futhi umugqa wokudlulisela phakathi kwe-antenna ne-receiver ungalahlekelwa, amandla omsindo adluliselwa ku-receiver yilawa:

I-Pr ingamandla omsindo we-antenna, i-K ingaguquki ye-Boltzmann, kanti i-△f ingaguquguquki.

isithombe 1

Uma umugqa wokudlulisa phakathi kwe-antenna kanye nomukeli ulahlekile, amandla omsindo we-antenna atholakala kufomula engenhla adinga ukulungiswa. Uma izinga lokushisa langempela lomugqa wokudlulisa lifana ne-T0 kulo lonke ubude, futhi i-coefficient yokunciphisa yomugqa wokudlulisa oxhumanisa i-antenna kanye nomukeli iyi-α engaguquki, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa le-antenna elisebenzayo ekugcineni komukeli yileli:

Kuphi:

I-Ta izinga lokushisa le-antenna endaweni yokugcina yokwamukela, i-TA izinga lokushisa lomsindo we-antenna endaweni yokugcina ye-antenna, i-TAP izinga lokushisa le-antenna endaweni yokugcina yokushisa, i-Tp izinga lokushisa elingokoqobo le-antenna, i-eA ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kwe-antenna, kanye ne-T0 izinga lokushisa elingokoqobo lomugqa wokudlulisela.
Ngakho-ke, amandla omsindo we-antenna adinga ukulungiswa ku:

Uma umamukeli ngokwakhe enokushisa komsindo okuthile okungu-T, amandla omsindo wesistimu ekugcineni komamukeli yilawa:

I-Ps ingamandla omsindo wesistimu (ekugcineni komukeli), i-Ta izinga lokushisa lomsindo we-antenna (ekugcineni komukeli), i-Tr izinga lokushisa lomsindo womamukeli (ekugcineni komukeli), kanye ne-Ts izinga lokushisa lomsindo elisebenza kahle lesistimu (ekugcineni komukeli).
Isithombe 1 sibonisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwawo wonke amapharamitha. Izinga lokushisa lomsindo elisebenzayo lesistimu Ama-T e-antenna kanye ne-receiver yesistimu ye-radio astronomy asukela ku-K ezimbalwa kuya ku-K eziyizinkulungwane eziningana (inani elijwayelekile lingaba ngu-10K), elihlukahluka ngohlobo lwe-antenna kanye ne-receiver kanye nemvamisa yokusebenza. Ushintsho lokushisa kwe-antenna endaweni yokugcina ye-antenna olubangelwa ushintsho emisebeni eqondiwe lungaba luncane njengezingxenye ezimbalwa zeshumi ze-K.

Izinga lokushisa le-antenna ekufakweni kwe-antenna kanye nendawo yokugcina yokwamukela lingahluka ngamadigri amaningi. Ubude obufushane noma umugqa wokudlulisela olahlekelwa kancane unganciphisa kakhulu lo mehluko wokushisa ube mncane njengezingxenye ezimbalwa zeshumi zedigri.

I-RF MISOyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ku-R&D kanyeukukhiqizwaama-antenna namadivayisi okuxhumana. Sizibophezele ku-R&D, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, ukuklama, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuthengiswa kwama-antenna namadivayisi okuxhumana. Ithimba lethu lakhiwe odokotela, ochwepheshe, onjiniyela abaphezulu kanye nabasebenzi abanekhono abaphambili, abanesisekelo esiqinile sobungcweti kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okucebile okusebenzayo. Imikhiqizo yethu isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezentengiselwano ezahlukahlukene, izivivinyo, izinhlelo zokuhlola kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Sincoma imikhiqizo eminingana yama-antenna esebenza kahle kakhulu: